Gynaecology overview: An integral part of women’s health involves a gynaecological check.

Breast and cervical cancer are leading causes of cancer deaths in young women. Cervical cancer is almost entirely preventable with proper screening and many breast cancers can be effectively treated if diagnosed early.

Women should perform breast self-examination regularly every 1-2 months, and should have a breast examination with a doctor every two years from the age of 20. From the age of 40 an annual mammogram is recommended. Screening should start earlier if there is a family history of breast cancer.

The Pap smear examination involves passing a small speculum into the vagina and taking a small brushing from the cervix, the neck of the womb. All women who have ever had sex should start Pap smear screening every two years from the age of 20.

I see women with abnormal Pap smears, abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, pelvic infections and fertility problems, as well as women wanting a general gynaecological check.